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Table 2 Overview of all identified categories and subcategories from participant interviews

From: Medical students’ perceptions of prosocial behaviors: a grounded theory study in China

Categories

Subcategories

Themes

Personal values

Self-Transcendence value

• Benevolence: sense of meaning, sense of value, helpfulness, responsibility

• Universal values: fairness, equality

Conservation value

• Self-protection

• Risk perception

Socialist value

• Chinese core socialist values

Narrow personality traits

Empathy

• sympathy

• put oneself in someone else's shoes

Resilience

• Self-regulation

• Positive mindset

Moral sensitivity

• Awareness

• Knowing a better way to do things

Mutual help and reciprocity

• Positive motivation

• Goodwill transfer, positive circulation

Perceived self-competence

Perceived self-competence

• Experience

• Knowledge required for behavior

Career motivation

Social and altruistic motivation

• To save lives and help the sick and injured

• Career pursuit

• Passion for medicine

• Helping others

Money and prestige motivation

• To provide for the family

• Economic motivation

• performance appraisal

• Work within the division

• Development and promotion

Environmental factors

School environment

• Prosocial activities

• Humanistic education

• Role model education

Organizational environment

• Policy development

• Occupational stress

Family influences

Family education

• Teach by word

• Teach by example

Family atmosphere

• Family support

• Caring for each other