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Table 4 Paired-samples t-test, pre- and post-rotation question results from faculty and staff survey

From: ‘First, do no harm’: systematic program evaluation of an equine veterinary service-learning initiative with Indigenous communities in Canada

Question

Mean Difference

SD

SEM

95% CI: lower

95% CI: upper

t

df

p (2-tailed test)

1

.80

.84

.37

-.24

1.84

2.14

4

.10

2

.20

.84

.37

-.84

1.24

.54

4

.62

3

-.40

.55

.24

-1.08

.28

-1.63

4

.18

4

.60

1.52

.68

-1.28

2.48

.89

4

.43

5

.00

.71

.32

-.88

.88

.00

4

1.00

6

.40

.55

.24

-.28

1.08

1.63

4

.18

7

-.20

1.30

.58

-1.82

1.42

-.34

4

.75

8

-.20

1.64

.73

-2.24

1.84

-.27

4

.80

9

.20

1.10

.49

-1.16

1.56

.41

4

.70

10

.40

.89

.40

-.71

1.51

1.00

4

.37

11a

12

-.40

1.14

.51

-1.82

1.02

-.78

4

.48

13

.80

.84

.37

-.34

1.84

2.14

4

.10

14

.00

1.00

.45

-1.24

1.24

.00

4

1.00

15

1.00

1.41

.63

-.76

2.76

1.58

4

.19

16

.60

.89

.40

-.51

1.71

1.50

4

.21

17

.40

1.14

.51

-1.02

1.82

.78

4

.48

18

.00

.71

.32

-.88

.88

.00

4

1.00

19

.60

1.14

.51

-.82

2.02

1.18

4

.31

20

.40

.55

.24

-.28

1.08

1.63

4

.18

21

.60

1.95

.87

-1.82

3.02

.67

4

.53

22

.00

.71

.32

-.88

.88

.00

4

1.00

23

-.20

1.64

.73

-2.24

1.84

-.27

4

.80

24

-1.40

3.36

1.50

-5.57

2.77

-.93

4

.40

  1. SEM standard error mean
  2. aUnable to calculate paired-samples t-test because the standard error of the difference is 0