Categorical variables | Number (%) with parameter 2009–2011 (Total N = 48) | Number (%) with parameter 2016–2018 (Total N = 52) | P-value |
---|---|---|---|
Male (vs. Female Sex) | 34 (70.8%) | 44 (84.6%) | 0.146 |
Foreign medical graduates (vs. American medical graduates) | 21 (43.8%) | 26 (50%) | 0.554 |
MD graduates (vs. DO graduates) | 48 (100%) | 46 (88.5%) | 0.027 |
Applied as chief resident (vs. no chief residency) | 2 (4.2%) | 7 (13.5%) | 0.163 |
Medical school affiliated residency program (vs. non-affiliated residency program) | 45 (93.8%) | 45 (86.5%) | 0.322 |
Residency program in Midwest (vs. elsewhere in United States) | 31 (64.6%) | 27 (51.9%) | 0.228 |
U.S. Citizen or legal permanent resident (vs. foreign citizenship) | 29 (60.4%) | 35 (67.3%) | 0.535 |
Mean recommendation score (evaluated semi-quantitatively, see Methods)a Mean USMLE Step 1 score | 86.96 ± 1.461 235.4 ± 14.1 | 85.1 ± 0.64 244.9 ± 13.5 | <.0001* 0.001* |
Mean USMLE Step 2 CK score | 244.9 ± 16.7 | 250.8 ± 15.2 | 0.069* |
Mean of averaged combined USMLE Step 1 & 2 scoresb | 240.1 ± 14.3 | 246.9 ± 13.7 | 0.036* |
Mean number of abstracts (at national meetings) | 1.69 ± 0.37 | 7.54 ± 1.16 | < 0.0001* |
Mean number of articles (listed in PubMed) | 1.48 ± 0.30 | 6.13 ± 1.29 | 0.001* |
Mean number of total publications | 3.17 + 0.48 | 12.76 + 1.99 | < 0.0001* |