Table 4 Assessment of smoking habits according to family members’ smoking
From: Associations of smoking behavior with lifestyle and mental health among Japanese dental students
|  | Non-current smokers (%) | Regular smokers (%) | χ 2 | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Father | ||||
 Non-smoker or no father | 330 (82.3) | 35 (67.3) |  |  |
 Regular smoker | 71 (17.7) | 17 (32.7) |  |  |
| Â | Â | Â | 6.605 | 0.010a |
Mother | ||||
 Non-smoker or no mother | 383 (95.5) | 47 (90.4) |  |  |
 Regular smoker | 18 (4.5) | 5 (9.6) |  |  |
| Â | Â | Â | 2.51 | 0.167b |
Brother | ||||
 Non-smoker or no brother | 371 (92.5) | 45 (86.5) |  |  |
 Regular smoker | 30 (7.5) | 7 (13.5) |  |  |
| Â | Â | Â | 2.195 | 0.172b |
Sister | ||||
 Non-smoker or no sister | 396 (98.8) | 51 (98.1) |  |  |
 Regular smoker | 5 (1.2) | 1 (1.9) |  |  |
| Â | Â | Â | 0.161 | 0.521b |