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Table 2 Rotated factor loadings for the 22-item DEPS - Medical Students scale

From: Distance education perception scale for medical students: a validity and reliability study

No

Item

Factors

Name of factors

I

II

III

IV

1

Diplomas obtained through distance education in business life are as valid as those obtained through face-to-face education.

0.860

0.059

−0.212

0.006

Students’ perception

2

Distance learning is academically more interesting than face-to-face education.

0.831

−0.002

0.058

−0.116

3

The quality of education increases with distance education.

0.810

0.109

−0.065

−0.015

4

Programs should be opened in different fields in distance education.

0.804

−0.266

0.005

0.103

5

Distance education is essential to meet the need for trained manpower.

0.785

0.048

−0.058

−0.031

6

I believe that in the future, distance education will be more preferred than traditional education.

0.772

−0.262

0.174

0.059

7

Compared to face-to-face education, the cultural diversity of students in distance education is greater.

0.765

−0.055

− 0.166

0.023

8

My experiences in distance education have positively changed my perspective on distance education.

0.659

0.156

0.173

−0.047

9

In the distance education environment, students get the opportunity to think analytically.

0.603

0.109

0.169

−0.029

10

Student self-control is high in distance education.

0.558

0.096

0.151

−0.019

11

Distance education students socialize more in electronic environment.

0.488

0.232

−0.180

−0.063

12

Compared to face-to-face education, distance education provides students with flexibility in terms of resource use.

0.423

0.005

0.396

0.069

13

Communication tools used in distance education are technologically sufficient.

−0.164

0.943

0.001

−0.048

Equipment facility

14

Communication tools used in distance education are educationally sufficient.

0.158

0.749

0.044

−0.021

15

Distance education programs are well planned in my institution.

−0.149

0.746

0.059

0.077

16

The learning management system used in the presentation and execution of the courses is sufficient.

0.238

0.640

0.027

0.056

17

The learning management system used in the presentation, execution and process of the courses is easy to use.

0.176

0.423

0.064

0.157

18

Students spend less time in distance education than in face-to-face education.

−0.174

0.096

0.933

−0.078

Time Management

19

Compared to face-to-face education, distance education provides students with flexibility in terms of time usage.

0.064

−0.013

0.836

0.037

20

Universities give students access to electronic material to support distance education

−0.039

−0.144

0.145

0.891

Facility and support of the institution

21

Universities prepare electronic materials such as e-books and e-journals to support distance education for students.

0.018

0.110

−0.198

0.786

22

Students are provided with sufficient technical support to solve technical problems they encounter in distance education.

0.000

0.217

−0.022

0.639

 

Eigenvalues (λ)

9.243

1.991

1.180

1.084

 
  1. Highest factor loadings were given in bold