From: Distance education perception scale for medical students: a validity and reliability study
No | Item | Factors | Name of factors | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
I | II | III | IV | |||
1 | Diplomas obtained through distance education in business life are as valid as those obtained through face-to-face education. | 0.860 | 0.059 | −0.212 | 0.006 | Students’ perception |
2 | Distance learning is academically more interesting than face-to-face education. | 0.831 | −0.002 | 0.058 | −0.116 | |
3 | The quality of education increases with distance education. | 0.810 | 0.109 | −0.065 | −0.015 | |
4 | Programs should be opened in different fields in distance education. | 0.804 | −0.266 | 0.005 | 0.103 | |
5 | Distance education is essential to meet the need for trained manpower. | 0.785 | 0.048 | −0.058 | −0.031 | |
6 | I believe that in the future, distance education will be more preferred than traditional education. | 0.772 | −0.262 | 0.174 | 0.059 | |
7 | Compared to face-to-face education, the cultural diversity of students in distance education is greater. | 0.765 | −0.055 | − 0.166 | 0.023 | |
8 | My experiences in distance education have positively changed my perspective on distance education. | 0.659 | 0.156 | 0.173 | −0.047 | |
9 | In the distance education environment, students get the opportunity to think analytically. | 0.603 | 0.109 | 0.169 | −0.029 | |
10 | Student self-control is high in distance education. | 0.558 | 0.096 | 0.151 | −0.019 | |
11 | Distance education students socialize more in electronic environment. | 0.488 | 0.232 | −0.180 | −0.063 | |
12 | Compared to face-to-face education, distance education provides students with flexibility in terms of resource use. | 0.423 | 0.005 | 0.396 | 0.069 | |
13 | Communication tools used in distance education are technologically sufficient. | −0.164 | 0.943 | 0.001 | −0.048 | Equipment facility |
14 | Communication tools used in distance education are educationally sufficient. | 0.158 | 0.749 | 0.044 | −0.021 | |
15 | Distance education programs are well planned in my institution. | −0.149 | 0.746 | 0.059 | 0.077 | |
16 | The learning management system used in the presentation and execution of the courses is sufficient. | 0.238 | 0.640 | 0.027 | 0.056 | |
17 | The learning management system used in the presentation, execution and process of the courses is easy to use. | 0.176 | 0.423 | 0.064 | 0.157 | |
18 | Students spend less time in distance education than in face-to-face education. | −0.174 | 0.096 | 0.933 | −0.078 | Time Management |
19 | Compared to face-to-face education, distance education provides students with flexibility in terms of time usage. | 0.064 | −0.013 | 0.836 | 0.037 | |
20 | Universities give students access to electronic material to support distance education | −0.039 | −0.144 | 0.145 | 0.891 | Facility and support of the institution |
21 | Universities prepare electronic materials such as e-books and e-journals to support distance education for students. | 0.018 | 0.110 | −0.198 | 0.786 | |
22 | Students are provided with sufficient technical support to solve technical problems they encounter in distance education. | 0.000 | 0.217 | −0.022 | 0.639 | |
Eigenvalues (λ) | 9.243 | 1.991 | 1.180 | 1.084 |