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Table 2 Outcomes of 146 senior medical students between intervention and control group

From: Improvement of the management of mental well-being and empathy in Chinese medical students: a randomized controlled study

Variables

Total

Control group(n = 72)

Intervention group (n = 74)

Statistics

P value a

SE, mean (SD)

25.0 (5.6)

24.3 (6.3)

25.6 (4.8)

-1.40

0.16

QOL, median (IQR)

31.0 (26.0,35.0)

29.5 (26.0, 34.0)

32.0 (28.0, 35.0)

3089

0.04

Depression (PHQ-9), mean (SD)

6.7 (4.1)

7.6 (4.4)

6.0 (3.7)

-2.453

0.02

Depression (PHQ-9), N (%)

   

5.347

0.02

 No

115 (78.8 %)

51 (70.8 %)

64 (86.5 %)

  

 Yes

31 (21.2 %)

21 (29.2 %)

10 (13.5 %)

  

Burnout (MBI), mean (SD)

47.2 (13.6)

49.6 (13.1)

45.1 (13.6)

-2.087

0.04

Burnout (MBI), N (%)

   

1.014

0.31

 No

101 (69.2 %)

47 (65.3 %)

54 (73.0 %)

  

 Yes

45 (30.8 %)

25 (34.7 %)

20 (27.0 %)

  

Empathy (JSE-HPS), median (IQR)

108.5 (99.0, 115.0)

106.0 (93.0, 111.5)

111.0 (102.0, 118.0)

3195

0.01

  1. Note: Continuous variables are presented as mean (standard deviation, SD) and median (inter-quartile range, IQR). If the variable follows a normal distribution, it is described with the mean (SD) and if it does not follow a normal distribution, the median (IQR) is used. Categorical variables are presented as n (%) according to different levels
  2.  Abbreviations: SD standard deviation, IQR inter-quartile range, SE self-efficacy, QOL quality of life, MBI Maslach Burnout Inventory, PHQ-9 the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, JSE-HPS the Jefferson Scale of Empathy-Health care Provider Student version
  3. at-test results for continuous variables with normal distribution, Wilcoxon test results for continuous variables with abnormal distribution, and Chi-square test results for categorical variables