Table 2 Characterization of clusters (absolute and relative frequencies) and analysis of depression clusters per dimensions associated with depression (one-way ANOVA)

Sex

110

67.5

34

72.3

25

89.3

2.81

Trait-anxiety

16

9.8

28

59.6

6

21.4

66.48***

Burnout

Emotional exhaustion

Yes

16

9.8

22

46.8

16

57.1

31.19***

Cynicism

Yes

14

8.6

15

31.9

15

53.6

23.09***

Academic ineffectiveness

Yes

33

20.2

18

38.3

14

50.0

7.47**

Motivation to enroll in the medical degree

Vocational interest

Yes

131

80.4

11

31,9

23

82.1

1.76**

Professional security

Yes

32

19.6

36

68.1

5

17.9

2.58*

Place of residence

Household

Yes

93

57.1

16

34.0

11

39.3

4.78**

Problems / difficulties

Substance abuse

Yes

7

4.3

5

10.6

2

7.1

1.37

Skills / organization

Yes

131

80.4

42

89.4

27

96.4

2.08

Learning

Yes

61

37.4

36

76.6

23

82.1

20.37***

Relationship

Yes

32

19.6

16

34.0

14

50.0

7.01**

Health

Yes

39

23.9

20

42.6

22

78.6

19.37***

Social support - Satisfaction

Social network

Yes

154

94.5

21

78.7

23

82.1

13.66***

Social activities

Yes

149

91.4

31

66.0

12

42.9

26.84***

Academic achievement

Academic ratings

Yes

100

61.3

12

25.5

8

71.4

6.30**