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Table 4 Predictors of attitudes and behaviors concerning the “screening” spiritual history

From: The spiritual history in outpatient practice: attitudes and practices of health professionals in the Adventist Health System

 

Physicians

Mid-level Practitioners

Nurses, Other Health Professionals & Staff

B(SE)

B(SE)

B(SE)

Health professionals should do a screening spiritual history (range 1–6)

Age

----

0.021 (0.009)*

----

Race

----

----

−0.13 (0.16)

AHS employee/contractor

----

−0.27 (0.24)

----

Specialty (family medicine)

0.09 (0.12)

----

----

Non-Christian affiliation

−0.30 (0.14)*

----

----

No religious affiliation

----

0.28 (0.57)

−0.34 (0.39)

Importance of religion

0.41 (0.04)****

0.53 (0.11)****

0.49 (0.06)****

Model R-square (n)

0.22 (423)****

0.36 (n = 93)****

0.29 (213)****

Physician is health professional who should do spiritual history (yes = 44% overall)

Race

0.38 (0.22)

----

----

AHS employee/contractor

----

−0.81 (0.48)

----

Site (Florida Hospital)

−0.60 (0.22)**

−0.67 (0.47)

----

Specialty (family medicine)

0.53 (0.22)*

----

----

No religious affiliation

−0.97 (1.15)

----

----

Importance of religion

0.36 (0.09)****

----

----

Likelihood ratio (n)

41.4 (407)****

5.37 (91)

----

Patients most often respond to spiritual history with acceptance/appreciation (yes = 66%)

Age

----

0.045 (0.023)

----

Years in practice

----

0.01 (0.04)

----

AHS employee/contractor

----

−1.30 (0.57)*

----

Specialty (family medicine)

0.33 (0.25)

----

----

Non-Christian affiliation

−0.27 (0.27)

----

----

Importance of religion

0.13 (0.08)

0.36 (0.20)

0.21 (0.11)

Likelihood ratio (n)

7.00 (404)

19.3 (90)***

3.61 (205)

All outpatients should receive spiritual history (yes = 50%)

Age

----

0.043 (0.022)

----

Gender

−0.49 (0.23)*

----

----

Race

−0.40 (0.22)

----

----

Site (Florida Hospital)

0.71 (0.23)**

----

----

AHS employee/contractor

−0.19 (0.22)

----

----

Years in practice

----

0.055 (0.034)

----

Specialty (family medicine)

−0.51 (0.24)*

----

----

Importance of religion

0.29 (0.09)***

0.29 (0.19)

0.27 (0.11)*

Likelihood ratio (n)

42.9 (401)****

18.5 (89)***

6.7 (211)**

Spiritual history should be documented in medical record (yes = 70%)

Gender

0.26 (0.24)

0.62 (0.81)

1.69 (0.62)**

Race

----

−1.85 (1.07)

----

Specialty (family medicine)

0.69 (0.25)**

1.14 (0.62)

----

Likelihood ratio (n)

11.5 (415)**

8.9 (91)*

8.2 (214)**

Current frequency of taking a spiritual history (range 1–6)

Age

0.009 (0.004)*

0.015 (0.010)

0.007 (0.007)

Gender

0.21(0.12)

----

----

Race

−0.31 (0.12)*

----

----

Site (Florida Hospital)

−0.17 (0.12)

----

----

Specialty (family medicine)

0.37 (0.12)**

----

----

Years in practice

----

0.024 (0.014)

0.016 (0.009)

AHS employee/contractor

−0.30 (0.12)*

----

----

Non-Christian affiliation

−0.31 (0.14)*

----

----

Importance of religion

0.19 (0.04)****

0.10 (0.08)

0.19 (0.06)**

Model R-square (n)

0.16 (404)****

0.14 (91)**

0.08 (208)***

Willing to do a spiritual history (range 1–6)

Age

0.003 (0.004)

0.016 (0.007)*

----

Gender

----

0.53 (0.30)*

----

Site (Florida Hospital)

----

----

0.21 (0.16)

Years in practice

0.006 (0.006)

----

----

Non-Christian affiliation

−0.07 (0.12)

----

----

No religious affiliation

----

−0.11 (0.45)

----

Importance of religion

0.21 (0.04)****

0.27 (0.08)**

0.23 (0.06)****

Model R-square (n)

0.10 (422)****

0.25 (93)****

0.08 (207)***

  1. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001, "----" not significant in bivariate analyses
  2. B = unstandardized beta, SE = standard error (from general linear model for continuous outcomes or from logistic regression model for dichotomous outcomes)