Evaluating an evidence-based curriculum in undergraduate palliative care education: piloting a phase II exploratory trial for a complex intervention

Table 4 Baseline intergroup-comparison at T1

Construct (No.)	Groups	T1 M ± SD	t	Df	p-value	MD	95%CI
(2) Willingness to accompany dying patients	IG	24.7 ± 7.17	.07	35	.948	.16	−4.72, 5.03
(2) Willingness to accompany dying patients	CG	23.91 ± 7.17	.07	35	.948	.16	−4.72, 5.03
(3) competence in communication with dying patients and their relatives	IG	14.53 ± 5.4	.56	35	.582	.94	−2.5, 4.38
	CG	13.59 ± 4.83	.56	35	.582	.94	−2.5, 4.38
(4) self-estimation of knowledge and skills in PC	IG	8.27 ± 1.87	1.11	35	.276	.72	-.6, 2.04
(4) self-estimation of knowledge and skills in PC	CG	7.55 ± 1.99	1.11	35	.276	.72	-.6, 2.04
(5.1) Attitude towards death of self	IG	22.2 ± 8.71	.79	35	.433	−2.03	−7.21, 3.16
(5.1) Attitude towards death of self	CG	24.2 ±6.82	.79	35	.433	−2.03	−7.21, 3.16
(5.2) Attitude towards dying of self	IG	12.33 ± 2.41	−2.32	31.96	.027 *	−2.89	−5.43, -.35
(5.2) Attitude towards dying of self	CG	15.23 ± 5.07	−2.32	31.96	.027 *	−2.89	−5.43, -.35
(5.3) Attitude towards death of others	IG	15.13 ± 3.46	−2.19	34	.036 *	−2.82	−5.44, -.2
(5.3) Attitude towards death of others	CG	17.95 ± 4.04	−2.19	34	.036 *	−2.82	−5.44, -.2
(5.4) Attitude towards dying of others	IG	18.6 ± 5.36	-.25	34	.808	-.4	−3.72, 2.92
	CG	19.0 ± 4.43

Legend: (2) Willingness to accompany dying patients; (3) Self-estimation of competence in communication with dying patients and their relatives; (4) self-estimation of knowledge and skills in PC; (5.1) Attitude towards death of self; (5.2) Attitude towards dying of self; (5.3) Attitude towards death of others; (5.4) Attitude towards dying of others. M = mean; SD = standard deviation; MD = mean difference; * significant.
Baseline comparison shows equality of both groups with exception of construct (5.2) and (5.3). Data of (1) is not presented because that construct has proved to be unreliable.

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